Description

This book covers theory and practices of plane and geodetic surveying, which are most commonly used by civil engineers. It covering 13 chapters in total along with the most common surveying operations with labeled sketches and figures. Authors tried to present the content which is thoroughly described, the theory is rigorously established, and an enormous number of numerical examples were solved to illustrate its application. Important principles and methods are almost given by practical illustration. Apart from illustrations of old and conventional instruments, emphasis has been placed on new or modern instruments, both for ordinary as well as precise works. Maximum number of advanced problems have also been added, which will prove usefulness of this book for competitive examinations. First, six chapters of plane surveying includes, principles of surveying and application of compass traversing. Need and significance of vertical measurements, basic concepts and methods, instruments used for leveling with computational skills. Methods and instruments involved in horizontal and vertical angle measurement. Errors and eliminating them with reference to theodolite. Operation of measurement of horizontal distance and vertical elevation by transit theodolite, the necessity of tachometric contour surveying. The elements and process of setting out of horizontal and vertical curves. Plane tabling methods for locating objects on site and study of minor instruments in field. Next, seven chapters of geodetic surveying includes, scope of geodetic surveying and triangulation in civil engineering. Adjustment of triangulation figure by using different methods. Terrestrial and Aerial photography for large scale survey, distortion and displacement in photography, flight planning for inaccessible area. Shore line survey, different methods for locating of sounding in hydrographic surveying. Understanding principles, sensors, data interpretation analysis and applications of remote sensing. Importance and principles of electronic distance meters. Setting out center line for alignment of tunnel surveying and problems in mine surveying. Concept of trigonometrical surveying. Methods of computation of area and volume. All the experiments need to perform in the field are also provided at the end, which will be very helpful to all the students and teachers.